project-structure

Research Project Code Structure Guide

This document outlines the standardized structure for research project code organization. Use this as a template for organizing future research projects.

---

Overall Project Structure

Project Root/
├── Code/                           # All analysis scripts
│   ├── [Numbered]_[Descriptive].py # Data processing scripts (Python)
│   ├── AN_[Number]_[Descriptive].py # Analysis scripts (Python)
│   ├── AN_[Number]_[Descriptive].do # Analysis scripts (Stata)
│   ├── LogFiles/                   # Stata log files
│   └── README.md                   # Project documentation
├── Data/                           # All data files
│   ├── Raw/                        # Original, unprocessed data
│   ├── Intermediate/               # Partially processed data
│   └── Clean/                      # Final, analysis-ready datasets
└── Results/                        # Analysis outputs
    ├── Tables/                     # Regression tables, summary stats
    └── Figures/                    # Plots, charts, visualizations

---

Script Naming Conventions

1. Data Processing Scripts (Python)

Format: [Number]_[DescriptiveName].py

Examples:

• 0_ExtractCreditAgreements.py
• 1a_CleanCompAnnualCRSP.py
• 1b_ProcessDealscanCompustat.py
• 2_MergeAgreementsCompCRSP.py
• 3a_ExtractLoanOfficerNames.py
• 4a1_ExtractLoanTerms.py
• 4b_CleanLoanOfficerPanel.py

Numbering Logic:

• 0: Initial data extraction from raw sources
• 1: Data cleaning and preparation
• 2: Data merging and linking
• 3: Feature extraction and engineering
• 4: Final data preparation for analysis
• Sub-numbers (a, b, c) for parallel processing steps
• Sub-sub-numbers (1, 2, 3) for sequential steps within a stage

2. Analysis Scripts

Python Analysis Scripts:

• Format: AN_[Number]_[DescriptiveName].py
• Examples:
• AN_1a_DescribeSample.py
• AN_1b_DescribeSample_NoLinkedin.py
• AN_1c_DescribeSample_Dealscan_Aggregated.py

Stata Analysis Scripts:

• Format: AN_[Number]_[DescriptiveName].do
• Examples:
• AN_2a_MainRegressions_ChatGPT.do
• AN_2b_MainRegressions_ChatGPT_NoLinkedin.do
• AN_2c_MainRegressions_Dealscan_NoLinkedin.do
• AN_2d_MainRegressions_Dealscan_NoLinkedin_Aggregated.do
• AN_2e_MainRegressions_Dealscan_Secured.do
• AN_2f_MainRegressions_Dealscan_Covenants.do

Analysis Numbering Logic:

• AN_1: Descriptive statistics and sample characterization
• AN_2: Main regression analyses
• AN_3: Robustness tests and additional analyses
• AN_4: Extensions and additional specifications

---

Script Structure Patterns

1. Python Data Processing Scripts

Standard Structure:

"""
[Script Name]
[Brief Description]

[Detailed description of what the script does]
"""

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from pathlib import Path
# Other imports as needed

def get_project_root():
    """Automatically detect the project root directory."""
    return Path(__file__).parent.absolute()

def [main_function]():
    """Main processing function."""
    # Script logic here
    pass

if __name__ == "__main__":
    [main_function]()

Key Features:

• Always include get_project_root() function for path management
• Use relative paths from project root
• Include comprehensive docstrings
• Print progress updates and summary statistics
• Handle file existence checks and error cases

2. Stata Analysis Scripts

Standard Structure:

/***********
    Globals for Paths
    ***********/

*** Change repodir and overleafdir paths for different users
global repodir "/path/to/project/root"
global datadir "$repodir/Data"
global rawdir "$datadir/Raw"
global cleandir "$datadir/Clean"
global tabdir "$repodir/Results/Tables"
global figdir "$repodir/Results/Figures"
global logdir "$repodir/Code/LogFiles"

* Start logging
log using "$logdir/[ScriptName].log", replace

/***********
    [Analysis Section]
    ***********/

* Analysis code here

* Close log file
log close

Key Features:

• Standardized global path definitions
• Automatic logging to LogFiles directory
• Clear section headers with asterisk borders
• Consistent commenting style

3. Python Analysis Scripts

Standard Structure:

"""
[Script Name]
[Brief Description]

This script [detailed description] based on the analysis
in [corresponding Stata do file]
"""

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns
from pathlib import Path

def get_project_root():
    """Automatically detect the project root directory."""
    return Path(__file__).parent.absolute()

def load_data():
    """Load the cleaned data."""
    # Data loading logic
    pass

def [analysis_function]():
    """Perform specific analysis."""
    # Analysis logic
    pass

def main():
    """Main analysis function."""
    # Orchestrate all analyses
    pass

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

---

Data Organization Principles

1. Data Folder Structure

• Raw/: Original data files (never modify)
• Intermediate/: Partially processed data (can be regenerated)
• Clean/: Final analysis-ready datasets

2. File Naming Conventions

• Use descriptive names with underscores
• Include version indicators when appropriate
• Examples:
• loan_officer_final_panel_chatgpt_cleaned.csv
• dealscan_merged_tranche_level.csv
• comp_crspa_merged.csv

3. Data Flow

Raw Data → Intermediate Processing → Clean Data → Analysis
(Scripts 0-4)                    (Scripts AN_1-AN_4)

---

Logging and Output Management

1. Stata Logging

• All Stata scripts automatically log to LogFiles/ directory
• Log files named to match script names
• Use "replace" option to overwrite previous runs

2. Python Output

• Print progress updates and summary statistics
• Save figures to Results/Figures/ with descriptive names
• Save tables to Results/Tables/ when applicable

3. Error Handling

• Check for file existence before processing
• Provide clear error messages
• Handle missing data gracefully

---

Version Control and Collaboration

1. Script Versioning

Use descriptive suffixes for different versions:

• _ChatGPT.py (uses ChatGPT-extracted data)
• _NoLinkedin.py (excludes LinkedIn variables)
• _Dealscan.py (uses Dealscan data)
• _Aggregated.py (uses aggregated data)

2. Path Management

• Always use get_project_root() for Python scripts
• Use global macros for Stata scripts
• Make paths easily configurable for different users

3. Documentation

• Include comprehensive README.md
• Document all output files and their purposes
• Explain data flow and dependencies

---

Best Practices Summary

1. Naming

• Use consistent numbering system (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 for processing; AN_1, AN_2 for analysis)
• Include descriptive names that explain the script's purpose
• Use underscores for multi-word names

2. Organization

• Separate data processing from analysis
• Group related scripts with similar numbering
• Keep all code in Code/ directory

3. Structure

• Follow standard script templates
• Include comprehensive docstrings and comments
• Use consistent path management

4. Output

• Log all Stata runs automatically
• Print progress updates in Python
• Save outputs to appropriate Results/ subdirectories

5. Collaboration

• Make paths easily configurable
• Document all dependencies and requirements
• Use version suffixes for different data sources or specifications

---

Example Project Setup

For a new research project, create this structure:

NewProject/
├── Code/
│   ├── 0_ExtractRawData.py
│   ├── 1a_CleanDatasetA.py
│   ├── 1b_CleanDatasetB.py
│   ├── 2_MergeDatasets.py
│   ├── 3_ExtractFeatures.py
│   ├── 4_PrepareAnalysisData.py
│   ├── AN_1a_DescribeSample.py
│   ├── AN_2a_MainRegressions.do
│   ├── AN_2b_RobustnessTests.do
│   ├── LogFiles/
│   └── README.md
├── Data/
│   ├── Raw/
│   ├── Intermediate/
│   └── Clean/
└── Results/
    ├── Tables/
    └── Figures/

This structure ensures:

• Clear separation of data processing and analysis
• Consistent naming conventions
• Easy navigation and understanding
• Reproducible research workflow
• Collaboration-friendly organization